New Company A, 10^th Mississippi Infantry was originally called Company E, 9^th Mississippi Infantry. Both the 9^th and 10^th Regiments were originally enlisted for 12 months. At the expiration of that time the regiments were reorganized and most companies received new designations about March 1862. Unfortunately, the Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System of the National Park Service does not distinguish between Old Company A and New Company A in the listing of members.

The regiment reached Corinth March 10, 1862 where the regiment was reorganized. It was assigned, March 9^th, to the brigade of Gen. J. R. Chalmers (of Hernando), which was known as the "High Pressure Brigade," and was composed of the Seventh and Ninth and Tenth Regiments, Baskerville's cavalry and the Vaiden battery. The Fifth Regiment was added before the battle of Shiloh. Chalmer's brigade was in Withers' Division of Bragg's Corps.

The Tenth moved April 1^st to Monterey, Tennessee, whence they advanced on April 4^th and 5^th toward Grant's army at Shiloh or Pittsburg Landing. The Tenth led the brigade, and when the battle began on April 6^th, after the exchange of a few volleys, the Tenth dashed up the hill in front and drove back the Eighteenth Wisconsin Regiment, of Prentiss' Division. Supported by the Ninth and Seventh, the three Mississippi regiments pushed back the whole Federal line in their front through the camps and a half mile beyond. That day the regiment was in six encounters with the Federal forces, finally aiding in the capture of Prentiss' Division. The regiment fought with distinction also through the second day of the battle, retired with the brigade that afternoon, and next day, April 8^th, marched back to Corinth.

Advancing again to Monterey, Tennessee on April 10^th, the regiment had a skirmish at Mickey's Ridge. During the advance of the Federal army the regiment skirmished on the Farmington road April 20^th and on the Purdy road April 26^th and 30^th, and May 1^st to 29^th served on the fortified line around Corinth, Mississippi.

The regiment camped at Clear Creek through the most of June, 1862. They moved to Ripley with Wirt Adams on July 4^th, July 29^th left Saltillo for Mobile, arrived at Chattanooga on August 6^th, and left Tyner's Station on August 19^th for Kentucky. They arrived at Cave City, Kentucky on September 12^th, taking possession of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad. General Bragg wrote in his campaign report that while resting his jaded army at Glasgow, "I learned that the commander of my outpost brigade at Cave City had advanced upon and assailed the enemy's fortified position at Munfordville and after a gallant fight against largely superior numbers had been repulsed with considerable loss." This attack was made by General Chalmers with his brigade on September 14, 1862. The casualties of the regiment were the greatest of the brigade -- 13 killed and 95 wounded. On the 17th, after Wilder had surrendered to Bragg's entire army, the brigade was, as a mark of honor, ordered to occupy the works.

The brigade next advanced toward Louisville and was on the march in Kentucky through September, 1862. After the retreat from Kentucky they went to Murfreesboro, Tennessee where they were in battle on December 31, 1862 and January 1 & 2, 1863. The casualties of the Tenth were 8 killed, 70 wounded and 6 missing.

They fell back to Shelbyville and Tullahoma in January, 1863 and remained in that line until July, 1863, when they crossed the Tennessee River, marched over Lookout Mountain and went in camp near Chattanooga. The regiment was involved in the Battle of Chickamauga on September 20, 1863. They attacked Sheridan's Division after Deas' Alabamians had been checked at the second line, and made a brilliant and successful charge that put Sheridan to rout. Mentioned for gallant conduct during the fighting in Company A were Captain A. W. Fleming, Lieutenants W. A. Lundy, D. W. C. Smith, and J. G. McGowan, First Sergeant P. Bradley, Sergeants L. T. Glaze, J. O. Phillips and Dean, Corporals Collins and Jackson, and Privates Cooper, J. P. Walker, A. J. Bradford, J. L. McCarcle and D. Logan.

On November 25, 1863 the Tenth participated in the battle of Missionary Ridge where a number were captured, and then joined in the retreat of the army to Dalton, Georgia where they went into winter quarters.

By act approved February 13, 1864, the thanks of Congress were tendered the officers and men of the Tenth Mississippi Regiment for having patriotically and in a spirit of self-sacrificing devotion re-enlisted for the war. The Tenth next served in the Atlanta Campaign. The brigade under General Tucker was in line at the battle near Rocky Face Ridge early in May, and at Resaca May 14-15, where Tucker was wounded and succeeded by Colonel Sharp. They skirmished at Cassville on May 19^th, fought in the battle of New Hope Church May 26-28, and participated in the fighting of Hood's Corps on the line of Kenesaw Mountain in June.

The regiment crossed the Chattahoochee on July 9^th, were in the battle of Atlanta July 22^nd, and were posted on the east side of Atlanta until just before the battle of July 28^th when they advanced under Gen. S. D. Lee, on the Lickskillet road, west of the city. They approached the Federal line at such a place that they were under heavy fire for a quarter of a mile. Company A was on the skirmish line with Lieutenant Downing commanding the battalion of sharpshooters, who reported that the company charged in gallant style, driving the Federal skirmishers and losing 2 wounded. He particularly noticed the gallant conduct of Lieuts. James G. McGowan and Joseph J. Dean, of this company and their men.

On September 28^th they recrossed the Chattahoochee, moving northward in General Hood's campaign on the Atlanta and Chattanooga Railroad. They next participated in the Battle of Franklin, Tennessee on November 30, 1864 and the Battle of Nashville on December 15 - 16, 1864.

The brigade to which the Ninth was assigned was furloughed until February 12, 1865. The organization of the army near Smithfield, N. C., March 31, 1865, shows the old Hindman Division under the command of Gen. D. H. Hill, Sharp commanding his brigade, Seventh and Ninth Regiments, consolidated under command of Lieut.-Col. B. F. Johns. On April 9, 1865, Sharp's Brigade -- the Seventh, Ninth, Tenth, Forty-first and Forty-fourth Regiments and Ninth Battalion - was consolidated as the Ninth Mississippi Regiment. The army was surrendered April 26, and paroled at Greensboro, N. C.

Below is a roster of men who served in Company A extracted from the Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System of the National Park Service. Because the same soldier was sometimes listed more than once due to variations in spelling his name, the total number given is inflated. The listing has not been changed because there is no way to determine where these spelling errors have occurred.